Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025

House Bill

H.R. 28

119th Congress

Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025

Received in the Senate.

Introduced:Jan 3, 2025

Primary Sponsor

W. Gregory Steube

Representative

Republican

FL-17

Cosponsors

83

Quick Stats

Policy Area

Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues

Summary

This bill makes it a Title IX violation for federally funded education programs to allow individuals whose biological sex at birth was male to participate in athletic programs designated for women or girls. Sex is defined based on reproductive biology and genetics at birth. Male individuals may practice with female teams as long as it does not deprive females of opportunities. GAO must report on benefits for women in single-sex sports and negative effects of male participation on girls.

Latest Action

Received in the Senate.

SponsorW. Gregory Steube (R-FL)

Introduced1/3/2025

StatusReceived in the Senate.

ChamberHouse

Data from Congress.gov

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Vote Prediction

Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025

This bill makes it a Title IX violation for federally funded education programs to allow individuals whose biological sex at birth was male to participate in athletic programs designated for women or girls. Sex is defined based on reproductive biology and gene

Community Breakdown

Pass

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Fail

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0 predictions

This bill makes it a Title IX violation for federally funded education programs to allow individuals whose biological sex at birth was male to participate in athletic programs designated for women or girls. Sex is defined based on reproductive biology and genetics at birth. Male individuals may practice with female teams as long as it does not deprive females of opportunities. GAO must report on benefits for women in single-sex sports and negative effects of male participation on girls.

Bill Number: 28
Sponsor: W. Gregory Steube (R-FL)
Introduced: 1/3/2025
Status: Received in the Senate.
Policy Area: Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues

Data from Congress.gov

AI-generated summary

Fact Sheet

Title: Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025
Bill Number: 28
Sponsor: W. Gregory Steube (R-FL)
Status: Received in the Senate.
Introduced: 1/3/2025
Summary: This bill makes it a Title IX violation for federally funded education programs to allow individuals whose biological sex at birth was male to participate in athletic programs designated for women or girls. Sex is defined based on reproductive biology and genetics at birth. Male individuals may prac

Data from Congress.gov

AI Summary

Plain-English explanation of this bill

This bill makes it a Title IX violation for federally funded education programs to allow individuals whose biological sex at birth was male to participate in athletic programs designated for women or girls. Sex is defined based on reproductive biology and genetics at birth. Male individuals may practice with female teams as long as it does not deprive females of opportunities. GAO must report on benefits for women in single-sex sports and negative effects of male participation on girls.

Last updated: 1/4/2026

Official Summary

Congressional Research Service summary

Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025This bill generally prohibits school athletic programs from allowing individuals whose biological sex at birth was male to participate in programs that are for women or girls.Specifically, the bill provides that it is a violation of Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 for federally funded education programs or activities to operate, sponsor, or facilitate athletic programs or activities that allow individuals of the male sex to participate in programs or activities that are designated for women or girls. (Title IX prohibits discrimination on the basis of sex in federally funded education programs or activities, including in public elementary and secondary schools and in colleges and universities.) Under the bill, sex is based on an individual's reproductive biology and genetics at birth.The bill does not prohibit male individuals from training or practicing with programs or activities for women or girls as long as such training or practice does not deprive any female of corresponding opportunities or benefits.The Government Accountability Office must report on the benefits for women or girls in single-sex sports that would be lost as a result of male participation. In particular, the report must document the negative psychological, developmental, participatory, and sociological effects of male participation on girls.

Key Points

Main provisions of the bill

Makes male participation in female sports a Title IX violation
Defines sex based on reproductive biology and genetics at birth
Applies to all federally funded education programs
Allows male practice with female teams if no opportunity loss
GAO must report on effects of male participation on girls

How This Impacts Americans

Potential effects on citizens and communities

For female athletes: Protected athletic opportunities and fair competition. For transgender athletes: Exclusion from female sports categories. For schools: Clear eligibility standards based on biological sex. For Title IX enforcement: New compliance requirements. For sports governing bodies: Federal guidance on eligibility policies.

Policy Areas

Primary Policy Area

Civil Rights and Liberties, Minority Issues

Related Subjects

Athletes

Education programs funding

School athletics

Sex, gender, sexual orientation discrimination

Scope & Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction Level

federal

Congressional Session

119th Congress

Citation Reference

28, 119th Congress (2025). "Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025". Source: Voter's Right Platform. https://votersright.org/bills/118-hr-28