Reliable Federal infrastructure Act

House Bill

H.R. 4690

119th Congress

Reliable Federal infrastructure Act

In Committee

Introduced:Jul 23, 2025

Primary Sponsor

Marcy Kaptur

Representative

Democratic

OH-9

Cosponsors

8

Quick Stats

Policy Area

Armed Forces and National Security

Summary

This bill requires the President, State Department, and intelligence agencies to provide Congress with reports on how the U.S. responds to and understands threats from 'gray zone' activities by adversaries like Russia, China, and Iran. These are actions that fall between normal diplomacy and open warfare, like using proxies or cyberattacks to advance national interests without triggering a military conflict.

Latest Action

Referred to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and in addition to the Committee on Intelligence (Permanent Select), for a period to be subsequently determined by the Speaker, in each case for consideration of such provisions as fall within the jurisdiction of the committee concerned.

SponsorMarcy Kaptur (D-OH)

Introduced7/23/2025

StatusForwarded by Subcommittee to Full Committee (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 16 - 14.

ChamberHouse

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Vote Prediction

Reliable Federal infrastructure Act

This bill requires the President, State Department, and intelligence agencies to provide Congress with reports on how the U.S. responds to and understands threats from 'gray zone' activities by adversaries like Russia, China, and Iran. These are actions that f

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This bill requires the President, State Department, and intelligence agencies to provide Congress with reports on how the U.S. responds to and understands threats from 'gray zone' activities by adversaries like Russia, China, and Iran. These are actions that fall between normal diplomacy and open warfare, like using proxies or cyberattacks to advance national interests without triggering a military conflict.

Bill Number: 4690
Sponsor: Marcy Kaptur (D-OH)
Introduced: 7/23/2025
Status: Forwarded by Subcommittee to Full Committee (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 16 - 14.
Policy Area: Armed Forces and National Security

Data from Congress.gov

AI-generated summary

Fact Sheet

Title: Reliable Federal infrastructure Act
Bill Number: 4690
Sponsor: Marcy Kaptur (D-OH)
Status: Forwarded by Subcommittee to Full Committee (Amended) by the Yeas and Nays: 16 - 14.
Introduced: 7/23/2025
Summary: This bill requires the President, State Department, and intelligence agencies to provide Congress with reports on how the U.S. responds to and understands threats from 'gray zone' activities by adversaries like Russia, China, and Iran. These are actions that fall between normal diplomacy and open wa

Data from Congress.gov

AI Summary

Plain-English explanation of this bill

This bill requires the President, State Department, and intelligence agencies to provide Congress with reports on how the U.S. responds to and understands threats from 'gray zone' activities by adversaries like Russia, China, and Iran. These are actions that fall between normal diplomacy and open warfare, like using proxies or cyberattacks to advance national interests without triggering a military conflict.

Last updated: 12/30/2025

Official Summary

Congressional Research Service summary

Gray Zone Defense Assessment ActThis bill requires the President, the Department of State, and the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) to each provide reports to Congress related to gray zone campaigns or assets. (Gray zone campaigns involve advancing a nation's interests through activities that fall between ordinary statecraft and open warfare without provoking a kinetic military conflict. Gray zone assets are entities or proxies used in gray zone activities.)Specifically, the bill<ul><li>requires the President to submit a report to Congress on the processes and capabilities by which the United States responds to gray zone campaigns and recommendations to enhance such processes and capabilities;</li><li>requires the State Department to submit a report to Congress on the department's understanding of the gray zone threat environment and capacity to contribute to coordinated U.S. responses to adversary gray zone campaigns; and</li><li>expands a required Intelligence Community Assessment regarding Russian gray zone assets to include the gray zone assets of China, Iran, North Korea, Cuba and Syria. (ODNI must submit this expanded assessment to Congress annually.)</li></ul>

Key Points

Main provisions of the bill

Requires the President to report on U.S. processes and capabilities for responding to gray zone threats and recommendations for improvement
Requires the State Department to report on its understanding of gray zone threats and ability to contribute to U.S. responses
Expands an existing intelligence assessment on Russian gray zone assets to include those of other adversaries like China and Iran

How This Impacts Americans

Potential effects on citizens and communities

This bill would increase Congressional oversight and understanding of how the U.S. government addresses non-military threats from rival nations. If enacted, it could lead to changes in how U.S. agencies coordinate and prioritize responses to gray zone activities that undermine American interests without crossing the threshold into outright war.

Policy Areas

Primary Policy Area

Armed Forces and National Security

Scope & Jurisdiction

Jurisdiction Level

federal

Congressional Session

119th Congress

Citation Reference

4690, 119th Congress (2025). "Reliable Federal infrastructure Act". Source: Voter's Right Platform. https://votersright.org/bills/118-hr-4690

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